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CAS (voir la source)

Version du 25 avril 2013 à 16:27

1 697 octets enlevés ,  25 avril 2013
aucun résumé des modifications
Aucun résumé des modifications
 
(3 versions intermédiaires par le même utilisateur non affichées)
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Sur les calculatrices [[Texas Instruments]], plusieurs modèles possèdent des OS avec CAS, et dans le cas des [[TI-Nspire]] la présence d'un moteur CAS est même précisée dans le nom du modèle: TI-Nspire CAS, TI-Nspire CX CAS, etc...
Sur les calculatrices [[Texas Instruments]], plusieurs modèles possèdent des OS avec CAS, et dans le cas des [[TI-Nspire]] la présence d'un moteur CAS est même précisée dans le nom du modèle: TI-Nspire CAS, TI-Nspire CX CAS, etc...
La première [[calculatrice graphique]] possédant un CAS fut la '''HP-28C''' en 1987.




== Composants d'un moteur CAS ==
== Composants d'un moteur CAS ==
Un moteur CAS se compose de 5 piliers ou briques essentielles, en particulier les deux premiers:
Un moteur CAS se compose de 5 piliers ou briques essentielles, en particulier les trois premiers:


; 1) Un système prenant en compte la priorité des opérations
; 1) Un système prenant en compte la priorité des opérations
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! Notes
! Notes
|-
|-
! [[Axiom (computer algebra system)|Axiom]]
! Axiom
| Tim Daly
| Tim Daly
| 1971
| 1971
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| General purpose CAS. The first one with strong typing for mathematical expressions
| General purpose CAS. The first one with strong typing for mathematical expressions
|-
|-
! [[CoCoA System|CoCoA]]
! CoCoA
| The CoCoA Team
| The CoCoA Team
| 1987
| 1987
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Specialized CAS for [[commutative algebra]]
| Specialized CAS for commutative algebra
|-
|-
! [[Derive (computer algebra system)|Derive]]
! Derive
| Soft Warehouse
| Soft Warehouse
| 1979
| 1979
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| CAS designed for pocket calculators; it was discontinued in 2007
| CAS designed for pocket calculators; it was discontinued in 2007
|-
|-
! [[Euler (software)|Euler Math Toolbox]]
! Euler Math Toolbox
| R. Grothmann
| R. Grothmann
| 1987
| 1987
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Numerical software linked to [[Maxima (software)|Maxima]]
| Numerical software linked to Maxima
|-
|-
! [[Fermat (computer algebra system)|Fermat]]
! Fermat
| Robert H. Lewis
| Robert H. Lewis
| 1986
| 1986
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| $60 if grant money available, otherwise $0
| $60 if grant money available, otherwise $0
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| Specialized CAS for [[resultant]] computation and [[linear algebra]] with [[polynomial]] entries
| Specialized CAS for resultant computation and linear algebra with polynomial entries
|-
|-
! [[FORM (symbolic manipulation system)|FORM]]
! FORM
| J.A.M. Vermaseren
| J.A.M. Vermaseren
| 1984
| 1984
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| CAS designed mainly for [[particle physics]]
| CAS designed mainly for particle physics  
|-
|-
! [[GAP computer algebra system|GAP]]
! GAP
| GAP Group
| GAP Group
| 1986
| 1986
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Specialized CAS for [[group theory]] and [[combinatorics]]. Subpackage of Sage<ref name=sagepack>[http://www.sagemath.org/links-components.html Sage components]</ref>
| Specialized CAS for group theory and combinatorics. Subpackage of Sage<ref name=sagepack>[http://www.sagemath.org/links-components.html Sage components]</ref>
|-
|-
! [[KANT (mathematics)|KANT/KASH]]
! KANT/KASH
| KANT Group
| KANT Group
| ?
|  
| ?
|  
| KASH3 (2005/2008)
| KASH3 (2005/2008)
| {{free|free for non-commercial use}}
| {{free|free for non-commercial use}}
| own license
| own license
| Specialized CAS for [[algebraic number theory]]
| Specialized CAS for algebraic number theory
|-
|-
! [[LiveMath]]<br/>(formerly Theorist)
! LiveMath<br/>(formerly Theorist)
| Math Monkeys
| Math Monkeys
| ?
|  
| 1991
| 1991
| {{dts|2007}} (3.5.9)
| {{dts|2007}} (3.5.9)
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| Numerical software for interactive solving and mathematical graphing
| Numerical software for interactive solving and mathematical graphing
|-
|-
! [[Macaulay2]]
! Macaulay2
| Daniel Grayson and Michael Stillman
| Daniel Grayson and Michael Stillman
| 1992
| 1992
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Specialized CAS for [[algebraic geometry]] and [[commutative algebra]]
| Specialized CAS for algebraic geometry and commutative algebra
|-
|-
! [[Macsyma]]
! Macsyma
| [[MIT Project MAC]] and [[Symbolics]]
| MIT Project MAC and Symbolics
| 1968
| 1968
| 1978
| 1978
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| $500
| $500
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| The oldest general purpose CAS. Was the state of the art during almost 20 years. Still alive as [[Maxima (software)|Maxima]]
| The oldest general purpose CAS. Was the state of the art during almost 20 years. Still alive as Maxima
|-
|-
! [[Magma computer algebra system|Magma]]
! Magma
| [[University of Sydney]]
| University of Sydney
| ~1990
| ~1990
| 1993
| 1993
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| $1,150
| $1,150
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| General purpose CAS, originally specialized in [[group theory]]. Works with elements of [[algebraic structure]]s rather than with non typed [[expression (mathematics)|mathematical expressions]]
| General purpose CAS, originally specialized in group theory. Works with elements of algebraic structures rather than with non typed mathematical expressions
|-
|-
! [[Maple (software)|Maple]]
! Maple
| Symbolic Computation Group, [[University of Waterloo]]
| Symbolic Computation Group, University of Waterloo
| 1980
| 1980
| 1984
| 1984
| {{dts|2012}} (16)
| {{dts|2012}} (16)
| $2,275 (Commercial), $2,155 (Government), $1245(Academic), $239 (Personal Edition), $99 (Student), $79 (Student, 12-Month term)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://webstore.maplesoft.com | title=Maplesoft Web Store | accessdate=2011-10-21}}</ref>
| $2,275 (Commercial), $2,155 (Government), $1245(Academic), $239 (Personal Edition), $99 (Student), $79 (Student, 12-Month term)
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| One of the major general purpose CAS
| One of the major general purpose CAS
|-
|-
! [[Mathcad]]
! Mathcad
| [[Parametric Technology Corporation]]
| Parametric Technology Corporation
| 1985
| 1985
| 1985
| 1985
| {{dts|2010}} (15)
| {{dts|2010}} (15)
| $1,195<ref>{{cite web | url=http://store.ptc.com | title=Parametric Technology Corporation Web Store | accessdate=2008-06-28}}</ref>
| $1,195
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
|  [[Numerical software]] with some CAS capabilities
|  Numerical software with some CAS capabilities
|-
|-
! [[Mathematica]]
! Mathematica
| [[Wolfram Research]]
| Wolfram Research
| 1986
| 1986
| 1988
| 1988
| {{dts|2012}} (9.0.0)
| {{dts|2012}} (9.0.0)
| $2,495 (Professional), $1095 (Education), $140 (Student), $69.95 (Student annual license) <ref>{{cite web | url=http://store.wolfram.com | title=Wolfram Worldwide Web Store | accessdate=2008-11-20}}</ref> $295 (Personal)<ref>[http://www.macworld.com/article/138664/2009/02/mathematica.html Mathematica Home Edition Released] Macworld, Feb 2009</ref>
| $2,495 (Professional), $1095 (Education), $140 (Student), $69.95 (Student annual license), $295 (Personal)
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| One of the major general purpose CAS
| One of the major general purpose CAS
|-
|-
! [[Mathomatic]]
! Mathomatic
| George Gesslein II
| George Gesslein II
| 1986
| 1986
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{free|[[LGPL]]}}
| {{free|[[LGPL]]}}
| [[Elementary algebra]], [[calculus]], [[complex number]] and [[polynomial]] manipulations.
| Elementary algebra, calculus, complex number and polynomial manipulations.
|-
|-
! [[Maxima (software)|Maxima]]
! Maxima
| [[MIT Project MAC]] and [[Bill Schelter]] et al.
| MIT Project MAC and Bill Schelter et al.
| 1967
| 1967
| 1998
| 1998
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| General purpose CAS. Continuation of [[Macsyma]]. Subpackage of Sage.<ref name=sagepack />
| General purpose CAS. Continuation of Macsyma. Subpackage of Sage.
|-
|-
! [[MuMATH]]
! MuMATH
| Soft Warehouse
| Soft Warehouse
| 1970s
| 1970s
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| Discontinued
| Discontinued
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| Predecessor of [[Derive (computer algebra system)|Derive]]
| Predecessor of Derive
|-
|-
! [[MuPAD]]
! MuPAD
| SciFace Software
| SciFace Software
| 1989
| 1989
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| Discontinued
| Discontinued
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| [[MathWorks]] has incorporated MuPAD technology into Symbolic Math Toolbox
| MathWorks has incorporated MuPAD technology into Symbolic Math Toolbox
|-
|-
! [[Axiom (computer algebra system)#Software forks|OpenAxiom]]
! OpenAxiom
| Gabriel Dos Reis
| Gabriel Dos Reis
| 2007
| 2007
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| {{dts|2011}} (1.4.1)
| {{dts|2011}} (1.4.1)
| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{free|modified [[BSD licenses|BSD license]]}}
| {{free|modified BSD license}}
| General purpose CAS, the first one to have a strong typing for mathematical objects and expressions
| General purpose CAS, the first one to have a strong typing for mathematical objects and expressions
|-
|-
! [[PARI/GP]]
! PARI/GP
| [[Henri Cohen (number theorist)|Henri Cohen]], Karim Belabas, Bill Allombert et al.
| Henri Cohen, Karim Belabas, Bill Allombert et al.
| 1985
| 1985
| 1990
| 1990
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Specialized CAS for [[Number theory]]. A major reference in this domain. Subpackage of Sage.<ref name=sagepack />
| Specialized CAS for Number theory. A major reference in this domain. Subpackage of Sage.
|-
|-
! [[Reduce (computer algebra system)|Reduce]]
! Reduce
| Anthony C. Hearn
| Anthony C. Hearn
| 1960s
| 1960s
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| {{dts|2009}}
| {{dts|2009}}
| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{free|modified [[BSD licenses|BSD license]]}}
| {{free|modified BSD license}}
| Historically important general purpose CAS. Still alive, as open-sourced and freed in December 2008
| Historically important general purpose CAS. Still alive, as open-sourced and freed in December 2008
|-
|-
! [[Sage (mathematics software)|Sage]]
! Sage
| [[William A. Stein]]
| William A. Stein
| 2005
| 2005
| 2005
| 2005
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Mathematics software system combining a number of existing packages, including [[computer algebra]], [[numerical computation]], [[statistics]] and [[image processing]]
| Mathematics software system combining a number of existing packages, including computer algebra, numerical computation, statistics and image processing
|-
|-
! [[SINGULAR]]
! SINGULAR
| [[University of Kaiserslautern]]
| University of Kaiserslautern
| 1984
| 1984
| 1997
| 1997
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| computer algebra system for polynomial computations, with special emphasis on [[commutative algebra|commutative]] and [[non-commutative algebra]], [[algebraic geometry]], and [[singularity theory]].
| computer algebra system for polynomial computations, with special emphasis on commutative and non-commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, and singularity theory.
|-
|-
! Symbolic [[MATLAB]] Toolbox
! Symbolic MATLAB Toolbox
| [[MathWorks]]
| MathWorks
| 1989
| 1989
| 2008
| 2008
| {{dts|2011}} (5.7(2011b))
| {{dts|2011}} (5.7(2011b))
| $2900 including required [[MATLAB]]
| $2900 including required MATLAB
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| Provides tools for solving and manipulating symbolic math expressions and performing variable-precision arithmetic.
| Provides tools for solving and manipulating symbolic math expressions and performing variable-precision arithmetic.
|-
|-
! [[SymbolicC++]]
! SymbolicC++
| W.-H. Steeb
| W.-H. Steeb
| 1997
| 1997
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| 2013
| 2013
| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{free|modified [[BSD license]]}}
| {{free|modified BSD license}}
| C# library for automatic simplification of algebraic expressions
| C# library for automatic simplification of algebraic expressions
|-
|-
! [[SymPy]]
! SymPy
| Ondřej Čertík
| Ondřej Čertík
| 2006
| 2006
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| {{dts|2012}} (0.7.2)
| {{dts|2012}} (0.7.2)
| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{free|modified [[BSD license]]}}
| {{free|modified BSD license}}
| Python-based
| Python-based
|-
|-
! [[TI-Nspire]] CAS (Computer Software)
! TI-Nspire CAS (Computer Software)
| [[Texas Instruments]]
| [[Texas Instruments]]
| 2006
| 2006
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|
|
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| Successor to Derive. Based on Derive's engine used in TI-89/Voyager 200 and TI-Nspire handheld
| Successor to Derive. Based on Derive's engine used in TI-89/Voyage 200 and TI-Nspire handheld
|-
|-
! [[Wolfram Alpha]]
! Wolfram Alpha
| [[Wolfram Research]]
| Wolfram Research
|  
|  
| 2009
| 2009
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| Pro version: $4.99 / month, Pro version for students: $2.99 / month, Regular version free.
| Pro version: $4.99 / month, Pro version for students: $2.99 / month, Regular version free.
| {{proprietary}}
| {{proprietary}}
| Online [[computer algebra system]] with step-by step solutions.
| Online computer algebra system with step-by step solutions.
|-
|-
! [[Xcas]]
! Xcas
| Bernard Parisse
| Bernard Parisse
| 2004
| 2004
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| {{free}}
| {{free}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| {{GPL-lic}}
| Compatible modes for maple, mupad and TI89 syntax. Symbolic spreadsheets, Giac library for use with other programs. ARM ports for some PDAs with Linux or [[WinCE]]<ref>{{cite web
| Compatible modes for maple, mupad and TI89 syntax. Symbolic spreadsheets, Giac library for use with other programs. ARM ports for some PDAs with Linux or WinCE
|url=http://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~parisse/install_en#xcaswince
|title=Xcas ARM
|accessdate=2010-10-12
|format=
|work=
}}</ref>
|-
|-
! [[Yacas]]
! Yacas
| Ayal Pinkus et al.
| Ayal Pinkus et al.
| 1998<ref>{{cite web | url=http://yacas.sourceforge.net/homepage.html?recent.html&newdesign.html | title=Big changes ahead for Yacas | accessdate=2011-04-19}}</ref>
| 1998
| ?
|  
| {{dts|2012}} (1.3.3)
| {{dts|2012}} (1.3.3)
| {{free}}
| {{free}}
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! First public release
! First public release
! Latest stable version
! Latest stable version
! Cost ([[United States dollar|USD]])
! Cost ($ USD)
! License
! License
! Notes
! Notes
|}
|}


===Fonctionalités===
===Fonctionalités===
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|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Système
! rowspan="2" | Système
! rowspan="2" | [[Formula editor]]
! rowspan="2" | Formula editor
! rowspan="2" | [[Arbitrary precision]]
! rowspan="2" | Arbitrary precision
! colspan="2" | [[Calculus]]
! colspan="2" | Calculus


! colspan="5" | Solveur
! colspan="5" | Solveur
! rowspan="2" | [[Graph theory]]
! rowspan="2" | Graph theory
! rowspan="2" | Théorie des nombres
! rowspan="2" | Théorie des nombres
! rowspan="2" | [[Quantifier elimination]]
! rowspan="2" | Quantifier elimination
! rowspan="2" | Logique boléenne
! rowspan="2" | Logique boléenne
! rowspan="2" | [[Tensors]]
! rowspan="2" | Tensors
! rowspan="2" | Probabilités
! rowspan="2" | Probabilités
! rowspan="2" | [[Control theory]]
! rowspan="2" | Control theory
! rowspan="2" | [[Coding theory]]
! rowspan="2" | Coding theory
! rowspan="2" | [[Group theory]]
! rowspan="2" | Group theory
|-
|-
|style="text-align: center"| Intégrales
|style="text-align: center"| Intégrales
Persalteas
Bureaucrates
1 342

modifications

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